Philosophy and Religious Sciences

Program Summary

Philosophy of religion is the mental study of the meanings and trials of religious foundations and their interpretations of natural and metaphysical phenomena such as creation, death, and the existence of the Creator. Religion philosophy is a branch of philosophy that relates to questions about religion, the nature and nature of the Lord, the issue of His existence, an examination of religious experience, analysis of religious vocabulary and texts, and the relationship between religion and science.

It is an ancient method, found in the oldest manuscripts related to philosophy known to mankind, and it is related to other branches of philosophy and general thought such as metaphysics, logic and history.

Philosophy of religion is usually discussed outside academic frameworks through well-known books and debates, especially regarding the issues of the existence of the Lord and the dilemma of evil.

The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it aspires to discuss questions related to the nature of religion as a whole rather than analyzing the problems posed by a particular belief system or belief. It is designed in a way that makes it debatable by both those who define themselves as believers or non-believers. And as a branch of Metafrica

Philosophy of religion was considered classical as part of metaphysics. Aristotle described in his book "Metaphysics" the first causes as one of the branches of his investigation and research. For Aristotle, the first cause was the immobile motor, the object that transmits movement in the universe without being in itself in motion, and this has been called the Lord, especially when Aristotle's works appeared again on the surface in the Middle Ages in the West. This debate about the first engine and the first cause is later called natural theology by mental philosophers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Today, philosophers have adopted the term philosophy of religion for this topic, and it is usually considered as an independent field of specialization, although some philosophers, especially Catholics, still consider it a branch of metaphysics.

In the historical relationship between the philosophy of religion and metaphysics, the traditional topics of religious debate were existences (such as deities, angels, and the corresponding natural forces and the like) as well as specific events, capabilities, or methods such as (the creation of the universe, the ability to do or know anything, and communication between humans and deities, And so on.) Metaphysics (and ontologians in particular) focused on understanding what it means that something exists - what constitutes an entity, event, capacity, or process. This is because many members of religious traditions believe in things that are completely different from everyday ones, because the tenets of religious belief create certain philosophical problems as defined by central metaphysics. Theologians ’questions, different from religion philosophers, often regard the existence of God as self-evident or self-evident and explain, justify, or support religious claims with rational reasoning, innate metaphor, and intuitive metaphor. On the other hand, philosophers of religion test and criticize the cognitive, logical, moral, and aesthetic rules contained in the claims of a religion. While the theologian analyzes rationally or empirically the subject of the nature of God, the philosopher in religion is more interested in asking what is subject to knowledge and to express an opinion regarding religious claims. Other questions taught in the philosophy of religion include what, if anything, gives us a good reason to believe that a miracle occurred, what is the relationship between faith and logic, what is the relationship between religion and morals, what is the state of religious language, and does the praying prayer (sometimes called the prayer of hope) seem logical ? Philosophy of religion goes beyond metaphysics and addresses questions in various fields such as theory of knowledge, philosophy of language, philosophical logic, and moral philosophy. See also world opinion.